Keolie 367-93-1 Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside IPTGIsopropyl β-D-1 thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is a molecular biology reagent. This compound is a molecular mimic of allolactose, a lactose metabolite that triggers transcription of the lac operon, and it is therefore used to induce protein expression where the gene is under the control of the lac operator.

IPTG, unlike allolactose, is not hydrolyzable by βgalactosidase, its concentration therefore remains constant in an experiment. For induction, a sterile, filtered 1 M solution of IPTG is typically added by 1:1000 dilution into a logarithmically growing bacterial culture, however, different final concentration of IPTG may also be used.

1.IPTG is an effective inducer of protein expression in the concentration range of 100 μM to 1.0 mM. Concentration used depends on the strength of induction required, as well as the genotype of cells or plasmid used. If lacIq, a mutant that over-produces the lac repressor, is present, then a higher concentration of IPTG may be necessary.
 
2.In blue-white screen, IPTG is used together with X-gal. Blue-white screen allows colonies that have been transformed with the recombinant plasmid rather than a non-recombinant one to be identified in cloning experiments.
 
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45 thousand metric tons of isopropyl alcohol were used in the United States. The vast majority of isopropyl alcohol was used as a solvent for coatings or for industrial processes. In that year, 5.4 thousand metric tons were consumed for household use and in personal care products. Isopropyl alcohol in particular is popular for pharmaceutical applications,[12] it is presumed due to the low toxicity of any residues. Some isopropyl alcohol is used as a chemical intermediate. Isopropyl alcohol may be converted to acetone, but the cumene process is more significant. It is also used as a gasoline additive.